A Study on the Identification of Geohazards in Henan Province Based on the Basic Deformation Products of LuTan-1

Henan Province, characterized by hills and mountains in its western, northern and southern region, is a high-risk area for geohazards in China. In this paper, we firstly investigated the geohazards over Henan using the basic deformation products of LuTan-1 and provided the minimum detectable deformation gradients of the products. The basic products consist of deformation field products generated by differential interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR, DInSAR), and time-series deformation products derived from multi-temporal InSAR (MT-InSAR). They were produced using the images from June 2023 to February 2025. We identified 1620 potential geohazards, including 1340 landslides located in western and southern Henan, 139 ground collapses due to underground mining concentrated in the coal-rich central and eastern regions, and 141 cases of ground subsidence mainly in the agricultural areas of central and northern Henan. DInSAR detected 1470 hazards while MT-InSAR found 150 more. Deformation gradients of the 150 geohazards were less than 0.061 mm, which is not detectable by DInSAR. While the deformation gradients were greater than 0.017 mm/yr and was discovered by MT-InSAR. The overall distribution exhibits a certain pattern, offering a basis for geohazard monitoring.