Effects of Diabetes and Blood Glucose on COVID-19 Mortality: A Retrospective Observational Study

  1. Fei Li
  2. Yue Cai
  3. Chao Gao
  4. Lei Zhou
  5. Renjuan Chen
  6. Kan Zhang
  7. Weiqin Li
  8. Ruining Zhang
  9. Xijing Zhang
  10. Duolao Wang
  11. Yi Liu
  12. Ling Tao
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Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the association of diabetes and blood glucose on mortality of patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

This was a retrospective observational study of all patients with COVID-19 admitted to Huo-Shen-Shan Hospital, Wuhan, China. The hospital was built only for treating COVID-19 and opened on February 5, 2020. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality during hospitalization.

RESULTS

Among 2877 hospitalized patients, 13.5% (387/2877) had a history of diabetes and 1.9% (56/2877) died in hospital. After adjustment for confounders, patients with diabetes had a 2-fold increase in the hazard of mortality as compared to patients without diabetes (adjusted HR 2.11, 95%CI: 1.16-3.83, P=0.014). The on-admission glucose (per mmol/L≥4mmol/L) was significantly associated with subsequent mortality on COVID-19 (adjusted HR 1.17, 95%CI: 1.10-1.24, P<0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Diabetes and on-admission glucose (per mmol/L≥4mmol/L) are associated with increased mortality in patients with COVID-19. These data support that blood glucose should be properly controlled for possibly better survival outcome in patients with COVID-19.

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